Application of Metagenomics approaches for Crohn’s Diseas

Abstract

Crohn’s Disease (CD) also called the Chronic inflammation of the intestinal system, as well known as regional enteritis or regional ileitis generally occurs in the terminal segment of the ileum, the section of the small bowel farthest from the stomach (Barbara A. Schreiber, 2022). The study's aim was to identify the differences in the gut microbiome composition between patients with and without CD, aswell as compare them with healthy control samples (a total of 35 human blood samples). This study is focusing on the mutations/variations in innate immunity and adaptive immunity genes, which increase the risk of inflammatory bowel disease. With that, it aimed to evaluate the effects of mutations on microbiota balance and dysbiosis observed in CD patients (Petagna L et al., 2020). As indicated in the results, we found the first principal coordinate which shows a percentage of 55.09% for the PC1 while showing a percentage of 22.26% for the C2. Moreover, the other principal coordinate shows a percentage of 55.09% for the PC1 while showing a percentage of 9.39% for the C2. Additionally, In the taxonomic classification, we found that bacterial community was found in samples C1 and C2 as similar to a CD. According to the results, all the microorganisms present are bacteria, but with differences in the phylum, order, family, genus, and species. Furthermore, it can be inferred that at the phylum level, the dominant bacteria are proteobacteria, at the class level, the dominant ones are gammaproteobacteria while at the order level, the dominant ones are pseudomonadellas.