Investigation of temperature change in peripheral bone during implant osteotomy with different drilling techniques in vitro study

Abstract

AbstractA significant portion of the energy used in drilling during an implant osteotomy is converted to heat due to friction. Temperature increases are risk factors for bone necrosis, which may compromise the implant's primary stability. Several variables will influence the change in temperature during implant site preparation. This study aims to investigate the effects of implant osteotomy systems on bone temperature changes during implant osteotomy. Different densities of synthetic bone blocks simulating human jawbones were utilized in our study. Variables during bone osteotomy were examined in vitro using three different implant osteotomy systems (Standard, Single drill, and Osseodensification) at each bone density, rotation speed (800 rpm, 1600 rpm), drill lengths (8 mm, 12 mm), and drill diameters (1.6 mm, 3.3 mm, and 4.3 mm). Using multivariate logistic regression, the factors influencing temperature change in bone were evaluated. In terms of temperature change, implant osteotomy systems were compared as well. The implant osteotomy system was the most influential factor on temperature change in D1, D2, and D3 bones, while the drill diameter was the most influential factor in D4 bones. In addition, conventional drilling techniques reached the lowest temperature rise values for bones with densities D1, D2, and D3. In contrast, the single drill technique produced significantly lower mean temperature measurements in D4 density bone than the other techniques. As demonstrated by the results of this study, different surgical protocols should be established for different bone densities to reduce the temperature change during implant osteotomy and achieve more successful implant applications.Key Words: Osseodensification, Surgical technique, Dental implants osteotomy, Bone temperature, Infrared thermographyThe present work was supported by the Research Fund of Istanbul University. Project No: 33899