Trace element imbalance as a causative factor of varicose vein pathology

Abstract

Several theories have been proposed regarding the primary abnormality in the occurrence of varicose veins, including biochemical abnormalities, which may alter its physical property. There is, however, no general agreement in the etiologic factor. In this study, we aimed to investigate the trace element and lipid peroxide levels as contributing factors in varicose vein pathology. Fifteen samples of varicose vein (VVG) from patients who had Underwent varicose vein surgery and 15 samples of normal vein from patients who had underwent coronary bypass grafting were collected. Zn, Fe, Cu and lipid peroxide levels were measured in the vein walls. There were no significant differences between control and varicose vein group in terms of Fe levels. However, Zn levels were found to be significantly lower and Cu levels were significantly higher in VVG. Also lipid peroxide levels were significantly higher in VVG. Superoxide dismutase level, which is an antioxidant enzyme, is dependent on Zn and Cu concentration. The results of our study emphasize the imbalance between Zn and Cu levels in the varicose vein walls, which farther cause decreased antioxidant capacity and eventually vessel wall damage. This abnormal trace element status in varicose vein walls may be a contributing factor in venous disorders and may be the target of systemic pharmacotheraphy.