THE HIGAZI SCRIPTURE OF THE HOLY MANUSCRIPT IN THE EARLY TIMES OF ISLAM

Abstract

Studying the history of Arabic calligraphy found in the vicinity of the Arabian Peninsula and its development is considered the first step in studying the Arabic calligraphy in which the Noble Qur'an was written in Hijaz (Mecca and Medina). This leads directly to the history of the writing of the Noble Qur'an at the beginning of Islam, which took place in two distinct phases in the lifetime of the Prophet: Meccan phase and Medinan phase. After the prophet's death, the Qur'anic manuscripts were compiled and collected into one standardized version of the Quran (Uthmanic codex), of which, seven copies were made. During the period of revelation (wahy), approximately 50 of the most skilled companions in reading and writing were chosen by the Prophet as scribes of the revelation. Moreover, though the Prophet received the revelation in both the Meccan and the Medinan periods, there are discernible differences in the script styles for each period. the development of Arabic calligraphy at the highest level commensurate with the beauty of writing the Qur'an. The scribes took care of writing the Qur'an in lines consistent with the rules of the first writing of the Qur'an. pronunciation and performance throughout history to the present day. In this paper, these differences will be studied and illustrated. In addition, it will be shown that these original script styles persisted throughout the islamic manuscript history and had a lasting influence on later copies of the Qur'an.