Isolation of secondary metabolites of two endemic species: Salvia rosifolia Sm. and Salvia cerino-pruinosa Rech. f. var. elazigensis (Lamiaceae)

Abstract

In the present study, activity-guided isolation and structural elucidation of antioxidant secondary metabolites of ethanol extracts prepared from the root and aerial parts of Salvia rosifolia and Salvia cerino-pruinosa var. elazigensis species was aimed. The ethanol extracts of the species were fractionated and the antioxidant capacities of the fractions were determined by DPPH-free radical and ABTS-cation radical scavenging activity, and cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assays. Isolation studies of the fractions with high antioxidant activities were carried out. Thirty nine secondary metabolites of known structure were isolated from the active extracts. 17 of the isolated compounds are in phenolic-flavonoid structure, 4 of them are in fatty acid structure, 7 of them are in abietane type diterpene structure, 2 of which are paraquinone and 5 of which are in aromatic structure, 8 of them are in triterpene structure, 2 of which are ursane, 2 of which are oleane and 4 of which are lupane structure, and 3 of them are in steroid structure. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined by UV, IR, H-1- and C-13-NMR-(APT), HMQC-HMBC, LCMS-IT/TOF and GC-MS techniques. It was determined that phenolic compounds among the isolated compounds were more active than terpenoid compounds in all three methods.