A Rare Case of Intraorally Localized Neurofibromatosis Type 1: Case Report

Abstract

Objective: Neural lesions in the oral region are rare. Neurofibroma originating from Schwann cellsand perineuronal fibroblasts is a benign neural tumor. Neurofibromatosis, also known as VonRecklinghausen disease, is an autosomal dominant disease affecting many organs. Although itusually shows skin involvement, oral involvement may be seen in 10-25% of patients.Neurofibromas have a 8-13% risk of malignant transformation.Case: A 34-year-old female patient with neurofibromatosis type 1 referred the Istanbul UniversityDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. There was a lesion at right maxilla between canineand first premolar for 15 years which was smooth, swelling vestibule, regular border, looks likelipoma. Panoramic radiograph showed a regular radiolucent lesion. Cone-beam computedtomography showed a cut-off in the palatinal cortical border. The lesion was enucleated under localanesthesia. Histopathological examination revealed neurofibroma.Conclusion: neural lesions may be confused with non-ulcerated tissue proliferation in the oralregion. Correct anamnesis and histopathological examination are important. The patient wasfollowed-up regularly due to risk of malignant transformation.